Adopting a socio-technical perspective to rethink the use of ICT in VNFIL.

This paper draws on a socio-technical perspective to explore how information and communication technology (ICT) supports the validation of non-formal and informal learning (VNFIL) in specific practices and arrangements.
The authors use a qualitative content analysis to analyse 43 country reports of the “European Inventory on Validation” published by the European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (Cedefop) in 2019.
We conceptualise ICT supported VNFIL practices and arrangements from a socio-technical perspective. Given this, we find that ICT is used mainly to provide information on validation practices and arrangements, store qualification registers online and identify and document learning outcomes. The use of ICT to assess and certify learning outcomes remains limited.
VNFIL is very rarely seen in a technical context. This paper contributes a theoretical perspective and highlights the mutual interdependence of social and technical components. Furthermore, we provide an overview of inasmuch ICT is currently used to support VNFIL practices and arrangements. Based on the results, validation researchers and practitioners can get inspiration on how to develop ICT supported VNFIL practices and arrangements further.