Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline

Kenneth Holmqvist; Saga Lee Örbom; Ignace T.C. Hooge; Diederick C. Niehorster; Robert G. Alexander; Richard Andersson; Jeroen S. Benjamins; Pieter Blignaut; Anne Marie Brouwer; Lewis L. Chuang; Kirsten A. Dalrymple; Denis Drieghe; Matt J. Dunn; Ulrich Ettinger; Susann Fiedler; Tom Foulsham; Jos N. van der Geest; Dan Witzner Hansen; Samuel B. Hutton; Enkelejda Kasneci; Alan Kingstone; Paul C. Knox; Ellen M. Kok; Helena Lee; Joy Yeonjoo Lee; Jukka M. Leppänen; Stephen Macknik; Päivi Majaranta; Susana Martinez-Conde; Antje Nuthmann; Marcus Nyström; Jacob L. Orquin; Jorge Otero-Millan; Soon Young Park; Stanislav Popelka; Frank Proudlock; Frank Renkewitz; Austin Roorda; Michael Schulte-Mecklenbeck; Bonita Sharif; Frederick Shic; Mark Shovman; Mervyn G. Thomas; Ward Venrooij; Raimondas Zemblys; Roy S. Hessels

doi:10.3758/s13428-021-01762-8

Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline

Kenneth Holmqvist^*, Saga Lee Örbom, Ignace T.C. Hooge, Diederick C. Niehorster, Robert G. Alexander, Richard Andersson, Jeroen S. Benjamins, Pieter Blignaut, Anne Marie Brouwer, Lewis L. Chuang, Kirsten A. Dalrymple, Denis Drieghe, Matt J. Dunn, Ulrich Ettinger, Susann Fiedler, Tom Foulsham, Jos N. van der Geest, Dan Witzner Hansen, Samuel B. Hutton, Enkelejda KasneciAlan Kingstone, Paul C. Knox, Ellen M. Kok, Helena Lee, Joy Yeonjoo Lee, Jukka M. Leppänen, Stephen Macknik, Päivi Majaranta, Susana Martinez-Conde, Antje Nuthmann, Marcus Nyström, Jacob L. Orquin, Jorge Otero-Millan, Soon Young Park, Stanislav Popelka, Frank Proudlock, Frank Renkewitz, Austin Roorda, Michael Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Bonita Sharif, Frederick Shic, Mark Shovman, Mervyn G. Thomas, Ward Venrooij, Raimondas Zemblys, Roy S. Hessels

^*Korrespondierende*r Autor*in für diese Arbeit

WU Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien

Publikation: Wissenschaftliche Fachzeitschrift › Originalbeitrag in Fachzeitschrift › Begutachtung

Abstract

In this paper, we present a review of how the various aspects of any study using an eye tracker (such as the instrument, methodology, environment, participant, etc.) affect the quality of the recorded eye-tracking data and the obtained eye-movement and gaze measures. We take this review to represent the empirical foundation for reporting guidelines of any study involving an eye tracker. We compare this empirical foundation to five existing reporting guidelines and to a database of 207 published eye-tracking studies. We find that reporting guidelines vary substantially and do not match with actual reporting practices. We end by deriving a minimal, flexible reporting guideline based on empirical research (Section “An empirically based minimal reporting guideline”).

Originalsprache	Englisch
Seiten (von - bis)	364-416
Seitenumfang	53
Fachzeitschrift	Behavior Research Methods
Jahrgang	55
Ausgabenummer	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01762-8
Publikationsstatus	Veröffentlicht - Jan. 2023

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Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).

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10.3758/s13428-021-01762-8

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Zitat

Holmqvist, K., Örbom, S. L., Hooge, I. T. C., Niehorster, D. C., Alexander, R. G., Andersson, R., Benjamins, J. S., Blignaut, P., Brouwer, A. M., Chuang, L. L., Dalrymple, K. A., Drieghe, D., Dunn, M. J., Ettinger, U., Fiedler, S., Foulsham, T., van der Geest, J. N., Hansen, D. W., Hutton, S. B., ... Hessels, R. S. (2023). Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline. Behavior Research Methods, 55(1), 364-416. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01762-8

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abstract = "In this paper, we present a review of how the various aspects of any study using an eye tracker (such as the instrument, methodology, environment, participant, etc.) affect the quality of the recorded eye-tracking data and the obtained eye-movement and gaze measures. We take this review to represent the empirical foundation for reporting guidelines of any study involving an eye tracker. We compare this empirical foundation to five existing reporting guidelines and to a database of 207 published eye-tracking studies. We find that reporting guidelines vary substantially and do not match with actual reporting practices. We end by deriving a minimal, flexible reporting guideline based on empirical research (Section “An empirically based minimal reporting guideline”).",

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year = "2023",

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doi = "10.3758/s13428-021-01762-8",

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Holmqvist, K, Örbom, SL, Hooge, ITC, Niehorster, DC, Alexander, RG, Andersson, R, Benjamins, JS, Blignaut, P, Brouwer, AM, Chuang, LL, Dalrymple, KA, Drieghe, D, Dunn, MJ, Ettinger, U, Fiedler, S, Foulsham, T, van der Geest, JN, Hansen, DW, Hutton, SB, Kasneci, E, Kingstone, A, Knox, PC, Kok, EM, Lee, H, Lee, JY, Leppänen, JM, Macknik, S, Majaranta, P, Martinez-Conde, S, Nuthmann, A, Nyström, M, Orquin, JL, Otero-Millan, J, Park, SY, Popelka, S, Proudlock, F, Renkewitz, F, Roorda, A, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, M, Sharif, B, Shic, F, Shovman, M, Thomas, MG, Venrooij, W, Zemblys, R & Hessels, RS 2023, 'Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline', Behavior Research Methods, Jg. 55, Nr. 1, S. 364-416. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01762-8

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T2 - empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline

AU - Holmqvist, Kenneth

AU - Örbom, Saga Lee

AU - Hooge, Ignace T.C.

AU - Niehorster, Diederick C.

AU - Alexander, Robert G.

AU - Andersson, Richard

AU - Benjamins, Jeroen S.

AU - Blignaut, Pieter

AU - Brouwer, Anne Marie

AU - Chuang, Lewis L.

AU - Dalrymple, Kirsten A.

AU - Drieghe, Denis

AU - Dunn, Matt J.

AU - Ettinger, Ulrich

AU - Fiedler, Susann

AU - Foulsham, Tom

AU - van der Geest, Jos N.

AU - Hansen, Dan Witzner

AU - Hutton, Samuel B.

AU - Kasneci, Enkelejda

AU - Kingstone, Alan

AU - Knox, Paul C.

AU - Kok, Ellen M.

AU - Lee, Helena

AU - Lee, Joy Yeonjoo

AU - Leppänen, Jukka M.

AU - Macknik, Stephen

AU - Majaranta, Päivi

AU - Martinez-Conde, Susana

AU - Nuthmann, Antje

AU - Nyström, Marcus

AU - Orquin, Jacob L.

AU - Otero-Millan, Jorge

AU - Park, Soon Young

AU - Popelka, Stanislav

AU - Proudlock, Frank

AU - Renkewitz, Frank

AU - Roorda, Austin

AU - Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael

AU - Sharif, Bonita

AU - Shic, Frederick

AU - Shovman, Mark

AU - Thomas, Mervyn G.

AU - Venrooij, Ward

AU - Zemblys, Raimondas

AU - Hessels, Roy S.

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N2 - In this paper, we present a review of how the various aspects of any study using an eye tracker (such as the instrument, methodology, environment, participant, etc.) affect the quality of the recorded eye-tracking data and the obtained eye-movement and gaze measures. We take this review to represent the empirical foundation for reporting guidelines of any study involving an eye tracker. We compare this empirical foundation to five existing reporting guidelines and to a database of 207 published eye-tracking studies. We find that reporting guidelines vary substantially and do not match with actual reporting practices. We end by deriving a minimal, flexible reporting guideline based on empirical research (Section “An empirically based minimal reporting guideline”).

AB - In this paper, we present a review of how the various aspects of any study using an eye tracker (such as the instrument, methodology, environment, participant, etc.) affect the quality of the recorded eye-tracking data and the obtained eye-movement and gaze measures. We take this review to represent the empirical foundation for reporting guidelines of any study involving an eye tracker. We compare this empirical foundation to five existing reporting guidelines and to a database of 207 published eye-tracking studies. We find that reporting guidelines vary substantially and do not match with actual reporting practices. We end by deriving a minimal, flexible reporting guideline based on empirical research (Section “An empirically based minimal reporting guideline”).

KW - Data quality

KW - Eye movements

KW - Eye tracking

KW - Replicability

KW - Reporting guidelines

KW - Reporting practices

KW - Reporting standards

KW - Reproducibility

U2 - 10.3758/s13428-021-01762-8

DO - 10.3758/s13428-021-01762-8

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 35384605

SN - 1554-3528

VL - 55

SP - 364

EP - 416

JO - Behavior Research Methods

JF - Behavior Research Methods

IS - 1

ER -