Morphometric SEM 3D analysis of microvascular networks and automated calculation of vessel angioarchitecture optimalities

Morphometric SEM 3D analysis is currently used to analyze (a) the geometry of microvascular trees in terms of vascular
parameters (i.e. diameters, interbranching distances, branching angles and intervascular distances) and (b) to determine
bifurcation indices, asymmetry- and area ratios given in arterial bifurcations respectively in venous mergings. Moreover, it
allows to generate anaglyphic 3D images and to calculate optimality principles underlying the construction and
maintenance of such delicate vascular networks (i.e. principles of minimal lumen volume, minimal pumping power,
minimal lumen surface and minimal endothelial shear force). Currently, this technique is used to examine developmental
and regression processes of the microvasculature of different organs in various animals such as the South African clawed
toad (Xenopus laevis Daudin) and also to explore the angioarchitecture of the human great saphenous vein (V. saphena
magna) which plays a critical factor for bypass crafting during coronary surgery in men.