Interdisciplinary perspectives on competitive climate strategy in multinational corporations

Until recently, corporations have taken mostly reactive positions on climate change by applying mitigation and adaptation strategies in response to imminent political or actual physical risks to their businesses. Few corporations have taken a proactive, opportunity-seeking strategic approach to improve competitiveness over and above the mitigation and adaptation requirements set by policymakers, industry norms, or shifting consumer preferences. Considering that the climate change discussion no longer focuses on whether human activities have an impact on the changing climate, or how much impact they have, corporations should now focus on how to maximize competitiveness based on the actual and predicted climate change effects.